Turkey At The Begınnıng Of The New Mıllennıum Developments In The Year 1999 And Objectıves Durıng The Year 2000

Ladies and Gentlemen of the Press,
Since taking office as President of the Republic, I have considered it imperative under a democratic regime to engage in a comprehensive examination of the events of the past year and to share my observations with my fellow citizens through your assistance. Thank you for participating in the seventh of such press conferences.
This press conference should be read together with the opening address I gave at the TGNA on 1 October 1999.
The written elements in the booklet should also be considered delivered here.
1999 was full of important developments. Therefore, I can only address a number of them within the limits of a press conference.
I therefore wish to make an overall evaluation of 1999 and express some of my views towards 2000.
Distinguished Members of the Press,
Our country was struck by an earthquake disaster on 17 August 1999 at 03.02. This earthquake with 7.4 force in Richterscale and of which the center vas Kocaeli has caused agreed damage. In an area, 400 km in lenght, 150 km in with width and where 20 million people lived. Unfortunately, 17.424 of our citizens lost their lives and 43.953 of our citizens were wounded.
244.383 housing and business units suffered various degrees of damage.
Our nation was united in grief and rushed to the help of victims. So did the international community. 87 countries came to help in different ways.
I respectfully solude the memories of our citizens who lost their lives.
I would like to express my deep gratitude to the institutions, Turkish Armed Forces to begin with, to Red Crescent and to voluntary organizations, municipalities, and last but not least, to our fellow citizens for their help and contributions. This was a display of grand solidarity.
Furthermore, I would like to express our deepest gratitude to the nations that came to our help.
Distinguished Members of the Press,
In a matter of a few days, we shall be entering not only a new century, but a new millennium. As I have stated on numerous occasions, this historical moment provides us with the opportunity to reconsider the achievements of mankind, the place of our Nation within the framework of world history, and our objectives for the future. Thus, at this press conference I intend to examine not only the developments of the year 1999, but of the historical period which is drawing to a close.
The present millennium is, in fact, the period during which our nation made a valuable contribution to world civilization by joining Europe and Asia. Reaching outward from the steppes of Central Asia and extending as far as the Mediterranean and Europe, our Nation, during the past millennium created two great Empires and a great, modern Republic. The Ottoman Empire, which our forefathers established, and of which we are the heirs, was created some 700 years ago. As we celebrate the 700th anniversary of its foundation, let us remember that for 624 years it played a formative role in the shaping of Mediterranean and European culture and civilization. When this extensive Empire withdrew from the stage of history, we created a modern Republic from its ashes. This Republic came into being as a unitary nation-state, in full accord with the principles of international law. From its very beginning, the Republic saw itself as a fully-functioning member of the international community, and set itself the goal of reaching, and even surprassing, contemporary levels of civilization. It drew its strength from a concept of citizenship based upon equality, irrevocable basic rights and freedoms, constitutional republicanism, and secularism. At a time when ethnic nationalism and religious discrimination prevailed, the Turkish Republic brought into being a notion of constitutional citizenship. This concept was the creation of the unequalled genius of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. Without regard to race, language, religion sect, or gender, it guaranteed equality and freedom to all citizens, and incorporating a conception of secularism which guaranteed freedom of religion and conscience, forged ties between the local and the global. It was upon this enduring foundation that we carried out the most successful project of the Twentieth Century for social and political change. It was thanks to the creation of the Republic that we were able to re-assume our position as a major state within a short period of time.
Throughout the past Millennium, mankind has experienced numerous conflicts brought about by religious, ethnic, and ideological divisiveness. Two world wars, followed by the Cold War, have made it abundantly clear to humanity that we have no choice but to learn to live and work together in peace and solidarity. On the brink of the Second World War, in 1937, the founder of our republic, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, proposed a vision of peace which can serve as the key to improved international relations in the coming century: "To the same extent that we are concerned with the survival and well-being of our own Nation, so should we think of the peace and prosperity of all of the nations of the world. "To the same extent that we value the well-being of our own nation, so should we work to our full capacity in order to ensure the well-being of humanity as a whole. This is because endeavoUring to improve the well-being of the nations of the world as a whole inevitably leads to one's own well-being as well. In the absence of peace and understanding on a world scale, there is no way whatsoever that any one nation can hope to achieve well-being for itself. Distant events which appear to have no relation whatsoever to us, may one day have a direct impact upon us."
It is this world view which has enabled the Republic of Turkey over the past 76 years to contribute to world peace and to the creation of a universal society based upon basic human values. As a respected member of the community of democratic states, Turkey has played a part in securing peace, stability, and welfare on a global scale, thanks to its effectiveness in diplomacy. Following a multi-dimensional foreign policy, Turkey has played a guiding role over an area stretching from the Atlantic to the Pacific and continues to be anation whose friendship is sought by others.
1999, the year which marked the Tenth Anniversary of the fall of the Berlin Wall and the end of ideological polarization, was a year marked by a lengthy Agenda for Turkey, and at the same time, a year filled with numerous achievements. During this past year our efforts to eliminate foreign sources of terrorism have been extremely successful. The arrest of the ringleader Öcalan, marks a major milestone in our struggle against PKK terrorism. General and local elections held on the 18th of April were reaffirmation's of the strength of our democracy and of our citizens abiding faith in the democratic system. We won the respect of the international community through our leading role in the victory of the democracies in the Kosovo crisis and in bringing about a solution to the large-scale migration which was a tragic result of this crisis. Our efforts on the diplomatic front were effective in shaping the decisions concerning the security of the European-Atlantic region taken at the Summit Conference marking the 50th anniversary of the creation of NATO, we participated in activities aimed at securing the peace following the successful NATO operations in Kosovo. We actively supported the revival of the Middle East Peace Process and the positive atmosphere which came into being. We played a role in bringing about the pact for stability in South-East Europe.
We initiated a process of constitutional and legal reforms in the Turkish Grand National Assembly. We were stricken by tragic earthquakes, but achieved a world-scale success in healing the wounds they caused. In spite of problems caused by negative developments in the world economy, we continued implementing development projects, and thanks to the contributions of our nation, made noteworthy investments in the areas of education, health, and energy. We became a member of the G-20, a group empowered to discuss all aspects of the global economy and the international financial system. For the first time in the history of the Republic, the Head of State paid a visit to Kosovo. Our relation with the United States reached a new level with the six-day President of President Clinton. We hosted the last major summit conference of the century in a manner that won the admiration of the international community. Along with the other heads of state of the countries of the region, and U.S. President Clinton, we signed historical agreements related to pipelines which will bring petroleum and natural gas from the Caspian basin to Turkey, and via Turkey to the world. And finally, at the European Union Summit in Helsinki, Turkey was officially declared a candidate, thereby opening the way to full EU membership. There are very few members of the community of democratic nations that could have achieved so much in a year marked by major natural disasters, economic difficulties, and national and local elections. Our achievements are the product of the democratic dynamism and creative energy of our nation. Turkey is a country where problems can be freely debated and in which solutions can thus be found. That is, in fact, the major foundation of our strength. It is for that reason that I have always spoken out in favor of a Turkey in which all matters are freely and openly discussed.
Ladies and Gentlemen of the Press,
Our achievements over the past year are the products of the efforts to carry Turkey into the bright future it faces in the coming millennium. As we stand on the threshold of a new century, we must never lose our self-confidence or our optimism, but we must also never forget that there are numerous tasks awaiting us. As I have stated on numerous occasions, we are now at a turning point where numerous established international rules and institutions are being held up to scrutiny, and at which new solutions and directions are being sought at an ever-increasing rate. We are obliged to function as an organic part of the world community, and to play an active role in seeking and implementing new solutions. It is for this reason that as soon as possible, we must complete certain reforms which have, in fact, already begun in the spheres of politics, economy, administration, and justice. The year 2000 must be a new beginning, not only on the calendar, but in the history of Turkey. We are obliged to make it so. Over the next few years, lasting peace and stability will become a reality in the Middle East, the Caucasus, the Balkans, the Caspian, Black Sea, and Mediterranean Basins. With the completion of the Baku-Ceyhan Petroleum Pipeline, the Trans-Caspian Natural Gas Pipeline, and the Blue Stream Projects, Turkey will take a position as a world-scale energy distribution terminal. The next few years will also mark the beginning of discussions concerning Turkey's full membership in the European Union. The first steps in this direction were taken over the past year. We committed to ensure that further steps are taken in the same direction.
The most important task that faces us as we enter the new millennium are preparations for full membership in the European Union. These preparations are an integral part of Turkey's intention to be a full participant in the advancement of civilization. In fact, Turkey's goal of full membership in the European Union is her own free choice, and the natural outcome of a process of modernization which has been going on for nearly two centuries. Following the Second World War, Turkey became a member of all of the European institutions created within the framework of the reconstruction of Europe. Finally, on 10 December 1999, Turkey became a candidate for full membership in the European Union of which Turkey had been an associate member since 1963. At the Helsinki Summit of the European Union, discrimination based upon religion was rejected, dedication to a project for a democratic, unified Europe in which cultural differences are valued was espoused, and recognition was granted to the fact that there can be no Europe without Turkey, and no Turkey without Europe. This marked the beginning of a new period in Turkish-EU relations, and, in fact, a new period in the history of Europe. I sincerely believe that this new period, which is of historical importance not only for Turkey, but for the EU as well, will lead to Turkey's accession to full membership in a shorter time than many expect.
Our nation has demonstrated great pleasure, and even excitement, at the decision taken at the Helsinki Summit of the European Union declaring that Turkey will enjoy the same rights and responsibilities as the other candidates, and thereby eliminating the discrimination which was exhibited at the 1997 European Union Summit in Luxembourg. The general discussions held at the Turkish Grand National Assembly with regard to this matter demonstrated that a mutual understanding has been reached among our political parties. The Turkish public is of the general opinion that Turkey's acceptance for candidacy represents a national victory, and that all of the steps necessary for full membership must be taken promptly, in a serious and determined manner.
Turkey's candidacy for full membership in the EU has been cause for celebration from Georgia to Azerbaijan, from the Caucasus to Central Asia, from Croatia to Bosnia-Herzegovina, from the Balkans to the Middle East, and from the Black Sea to the Mediterranean.
This spontaneous wave of enthusiasm is proof of the fact that as Turkey assumes a more dominant place in the region, her integration with Europe gains impetus, and as her integration with Europe becomes more certain, the role she plays in her region becomes even greater. In fact, it has always been our position that the role that we play in securing the peace, stability, and well-being of Eurasia complements our policy and approach vis-a-vis the European Union. The European Union shall also directly benefit from this policy. Turkey is not simply a major state in the European context, but in the context of the entire world, as well. Playing a determining role in securing the peace, stability, and well-being of a large geographical area, Turkey's responsibility and importance withing the European Union will be commensurate with her role as a major power in the international context.
The Turkish nation has already given its full support to the notion that preparations for full membership in the EU must begin immediately. Now, it is time for us to transform this national consensus into a full-scale mobilization. We have no time to lose. Not only our state institutions, but local government, universities, businessmen, unions, non-governmental organizations, and each and every Turkish citizen must be prepared to play a part in this national mobilization. I am absolutely certain that such will, in fact, be the case.
The two matters that first confront us as we make our preparations are organization and the drawing up of a time schedule. On the one hand, we must intensify our diplomatic efforts: On the other hand, we must bring about the necessary domestic coordination. It is obligatory, that within the shortest possible time, an administrative framework be created that will coordinate the international and national dimensions of the issue. We must also give support to the formation of structure like the Economic and Social Council, which will encompass the worlds of business, labor, and NGOs, with the aim of facilitating preparations for full membership to the EU.
As stated in the Helsinki decisions, Turkey is now "A candidate for membership, with the same criteria as applied to the other candidates". It was also decided at Helsinki that strategic support be given to Turkey with regard to preparations for full membership. Turkey will thus be able to benefit from EU funds, with this aim in mind. At the same time, Turkey will also be entitled to participate in various programs of the EU, alongside. Other candidates for full membership. Furthermore, an association partnership will be jointly prepared, a mechanism to ensure coordination between Turkey and the European Union Commission in preparation for full membership. Thus, in the new period which we are about to begin, the steps that need to be taken will be determined in coordination with the EU Commission. Turkey's aim in the future, just as it has been so far, is to meet European standards in the shortest possible time. We must meet not only the Copenhagen criteria, but the conditions outlined at Maastricht, as well as those of the European Monetary Union. This, in fact, is a goal that we have set for ourselves in order to secure progress, prosperity, well being, and happiness for our country as rapidly as we can.
The time has come for Turkey to take full responsibility for accelerating the process which has already begun to bring about lasting reforms with this aim in mind. To some extent, it is we ourselves who hold the key which will determine when we shall accede to full EU membership. Reforms in the legal sphere will take their place beside other procedures which have already begun to facilitate our application for full membership.
It is significant that candidacy for full membership in the EU, far-reaching economic reforms, and the stand-by agreement with the IMF should all coincide with the beginning of the new century. An evaluation of the economic situation, to be carried out jointly with the EU Commission, is on the Agenda for the month of January. In this manner, EU support will be secured for the economic program which we are engaged in implementing.
Our goal in the economic sphere is accord with the Maastricht criteria and the standards of the European monetary Union. These criteria consist of the following:
1. The budgetary deficit must not exceed 3% of the domestic gross national product. At present, this figure is 12% in Turkey. Our goal for the year 2000 is to bring this high figure down to 11%. A pre-condition for full membership is that this figure be reduced to less than 3%, a goal that requires a major agricultural reform, accompanied by other basic structural reforms.
2. The total gross public debt must not exceed 60% of the domestic gross national product. At present, this figure exceeds 60% in many of the EU member countries, while in Turkey it is roughly 55%, thus, in this regard, Turkey's situation is best in Europe.
3. The rate of inflation must not exceed the average of the three EU member countries with the lowest rates, by more than 1.5%. It is expected that in the year 2000, the average inflation rate in the EU member countries which belong to the European Monetary Union will be 1.5% that is to say, it is expected that the rate of inflation in the three countries with the lowest rate will be approximately 1%. In Turkey, it is expected that the new monetary program of the Central Bank will bring down the inflation rate to 7% in the year 2002. Thus, if we intend to accede to full membership in 2004, we must reduce the rate of inflation to between 2 to 3% in the year 2003, and to below 2% in 2004. In fact, inflation is the basic cause of all of the economic difficulties of a country.
4. Long term interest rates must not exceed the average of the three EU member countries with the lowest rates by more than 2%. The average rate in the 11 EU member countries which belong to the European monetary Union is currently 5%. Consequently, Turkey must bring down its rate to between 5 and 6 percent. High public sector debts and high inflation are responsible for our high interest rates. These two problems must be solved at the same time if we are to bring interest rates down to the level required for accession to the EU.
5. The unit of currency must meet the limits of the fluctuation band determined by the European Monetary system for a period of at least two years and sudden severe changes in value must be prevented. This may also be decribed as a "price stability criterion". İf the other criteria are met, this criteria will automatically be met as well. It must also not be forgotten that the transition to the Euro as the unit of currency will also modify the meaning of this criterion.
In addition to these five criteria for inclusion in the economic and monetary union, structural guarantees must ensure that central banks occupy a position of independence vis-a-vis the governments.
In addition to the above-mentioned points, the free circulation of services and transparency in bids and tenders in the public sector occupy a position of importance in preparations for full EU membership. These matters shall, in fact, be discussed in our talks with the EU Commission next month. In this regard, procedures must immediately be initiated to secure accord with EU regulations and EU conditions of competition in the service sector, particularly in banking and insurance. Priority must be granted to developments in this area.
Another matter which is of great priority in our preparation for accession to full EU membership is the struggle against corruption. The agreement on the struggle against corruption prepared within the framework of OECD, and which we have already signed, must be ratified by the Turkish Grand National Assembly as soon as possible. The most effective means of winning this struggle is to ensure that the government does not function as an instrument for the distribution of advantage and petty interest.It is for this reason that the implementation of the privatization program be accelerated. The state can only perform its proper functions if it completely withdraws from all economic and commercial activities, including banking and insurance. Such an action will enable the state to make better use of resources, to help create new jobs, employ qualified personnel by eliminating the burden of employment of unnecessary personnel. These measures must be taken immediately.
The political criteria which are preconditions for full membership negotiations to begin with the EU include securing the stability of institutions which guarantee the preservation of and respect for democracy, the rule of law, human rights, and the respect for the rights and protection of minorities. Consequently it is absolutely clear which steps have to be taken with regards to democratization and human rights. Both in the progress reports prepared by the EU Commission, and in the Helsinki Summit Accords, attention was drawn to the progress that we have made in this area, as well as to their certainty that we are determined to continue in this direction. There should be no doubt whatsoever that the Turkish Grand National Assembly and the government will rapidly take whatever measures are necessary to ensure that developments in this area continue to progress, and that the required constitutional and legal reforms are enacted. Turkey has been a member of the Council of Europe since its creation, and it occupies a position with the European legal system. In this respect, it already has the experience and the mechanisms necessary for accomodation to the Copenhagen political criteria. Consequently, no time will be lost in dealing with problems related to implementation and regulations. Furthermore, it is essential that we take the necessary steps to be signatories to various UN Agreements, in particular the Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.
These then are the guidelines to be followed in our preparations for a joint future with the European Union. It is my firm belief that Turkey, which has important distinctions, and which is the only candidate country with a Customs Union with the EU, will meet these guidelines as soon as possible. It is essential that we preserve our political stability and our fervor for development and prosperity. In fact, these objectives were and are an integral part of our Republic, which has as one of its primary goals ensuring that its citizens are citizens of a modern state. Candidacy for EU membership will accelerate our efforts to bring about further accomplishments in the spheres of civilization project and development.
We most certainly have the will power to secure a peaceful solution to the Cyprus issue and to the problems which exist between Greece and our country. As is well-known, we have always been in favor of dialogue as a solution to all problems. All that is necessary is that reasonable and just solutions be found and that good will be demonstrated by parties in the dialogue. Certain steps have already been taken, and certain procedures are already in progress, with regard to both Cyprus and Turkish-Greek relations. As long as actions which may damage these efforts are refrained from, and as long as negotiations continue in a spirit of good will, there is no reason why a just and lasting peace should not be achieved.
Our position with regard to the Cyprus issue is well known by the world public opinion. Recognition of equal sovereignty to both parties is the key to the solution. Proximity talks have recently begun within a new format. As long as the Greek Cypriot party in the negotiations does not use the Helsinki decisions to sabotage the talks, but continues to participate in a spirit of good will, we believe that a viable solution based upon equal sovereignty for both parties can be reached with regard to Cyprus. The proximity talks held in New York aimed at preparing the ground for meaningful negotiations to find a comprehensive solution to the problem. The second round of these talks will begin on 27 January 2000, in Geneva. President Denktaş, of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, with his announcement that he will participate in this round of talks, has already demonstrated his good will and determination to find a solution.
It is evident that neither Turkey nor Greece has anything to gain from engaging in polemics about which side won, or which side lost, at Helsinki. We believe that both countries can reach an understanding with regard to all issues, and that peace and cooperation shall be the winners accordingly.
Within the framework of our preparation for accession to full EU membership, it is essential that we scrutinise our administrative structure, and, in this regard, make certain legal and constitutional changes. The European Union envisions a state structure which is able to carry out decision making procedures at the level most accessible to the citizen. This is our goal as well; a goal towards which we must take immediate steps.
Turkey will continue with its efforts to ensure that standards in the educational, health, economic, and political spheres meet or exceed those in the most developed countries. This too is the road to full membership in the EU.
Our bi-lateral relations with EU member countries are based on a foundation of partnership. This past year, my visit to France; my talks with Chancellor Schröder of Germany, Prime Minister Blair of the U.K., and Prime Minister Aznar of Spain; my contacts with President Chirac of France, President Klestil of Austria, Chancellor Schröder of Germany, and the state visit of President Ahtisaari of Finland have all served to add impetus to our bi-lateral cooperation with these countries.
As a member of the Council of Europe since its creation, Turkey has played a role in the process of developing the European legal system. However, there are certain matters which have to be dealt with in order for us to secure conformity with the European legal system and to carry out our responsibilities within the framework of the Council of Europe. Particular attention must be paid to this matter, and the necessary measures taken.
Throughout history, stability and welfare in the Balkans have played a determining role with regard to peace and security in Europe as a whole. Events over the past ten years have clearly demonstrated that this political reality will be valid for the coming century as well. The greatest threat to stability in South-East Europe, and consequently to peace and security in Europe as a whole, is ethnic nationalism. Events in Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, and Kosovo have shown this to be a fact. In Bosnia-Herzegovina and Kosovo, an important experiment is underway. The success of this experiment to demonstrate that democracy can survive within a multi-ethnic, multi-cultural society is of vital importance in terms of the future of not only that region, but of Europe in its entirety. In spite of the fact that aggressive ethnic nationalism has caused extensive material and psychological damage over the past few years, there are still developments in the region which give us sufficient cause to be optimistic about the future. The Balkan countries are unanimously in favor of preserving democratic regimes and of assuming a place within a united Europe. This unity of purpose will also play a role in securing peace and stability in the region. Procedures have already begun with the aim of creating the necessary mechanisms for the realization of this goal. One such mechanism is the Stability Pact for South-Eastern Europe which came into being at the Sarajevo Summit Conference which I attended on 30 July. It is of utmost importance that this pact succeed in attaining its objectives. I placed particular emphasis upon this matter when I was visited by Mr. Hombach, Coordinator for the Pact, on 16 December. For his part, Mr. Hombach emphasised the fact that Turkish-EU partnership constitutes the major foundation for the success of the Pact. We have carried out our responsibilities in this regard, and will continue to do so. At this point, I would like to repeat the appeal I made to the countries of the region on the 15th of October in the course of my visit to Kosovo and on the 6th and 7th of December during my visit to Bosnia-Herzegovina.
"The time has come to put an end to misfortune as the destiny of the Balkans. History can not, and should not be re-lived, but history should be learned from. It is our responsibility to the generations yet to come to create the future together; to ensure that the Balkans are a region free from enmity, resentment, and hatred, and that democracy, welfare, and peace reign supreme in a Balkan region fully integrated into Europe. I wish to issue the following appeal to all of the countries and peoples of the Balkans: Let us come together and use our power to write a new history. Let us re-create the Balkans. Come, let us create a new of peace and solidarity, based on the supremacy of the law; a new order in which people will be able to live and work together, free from fear and oppression, and making full use of their basic rights and freedoms."
This year too, the Balkans constituted an area to which priority was given with regard to our activities in the area of foreign policy. On the 11th and 12th of March the city of Sinaia, Romania was the site of the Third Summit Conference for tri-lateral cooperation between Turkey, Romania, and Bulgaria. Furthermore, on the 22nd and 23rd of April a state visit to Bulgaria was made within the context of bi-lateral visits by heads-of-state. On the 11th of April, I visited Macedonia and Albania to personally observe the shelter facilities which we had provided for refugees from Kosovo. Furthermore, on 17 June, while preserving our important position within NATO, we will continue to support the expansion of the framework for security and defence in Europe.
In the post-Cold War period, the importance of the OSCE, which includes Eurasia, has become even greater. The last summit conference of this organization to be held in the Twentieth Century took place in Istanbul on the Eighteenth and Nineteenth of November, 1999. In the course of the Summit, four documents of major significance were accepted and signed: The Istanbul Charter for European Security, the Istanbul Summit Declaration, The CFE Agreement, and the document on Confidence and Security-Building Measures. The Istanbul Charter for European Security, hereafter to be known as the Istanbul Charter, clearly states OSCE targets for the Twentieth Century. According to the Istanbul Charter:
--Basic OSCE principles such sovereignty, territorial integrity, and the inviolability of borders were re-affirmed.
--It was re-affirmed that violations cannot be considered to be any country's internal matter, but that such violations constitute a cause for legitimate concern on the part of the international community.
--There was general agreement that the setting into action of such OSCE mechanisms as cooperative efforts for democratization and post-conflict rehabilitation be subject to the approval of the countries concerned.
--Responsibilities with regard to the elimination of racism, xenophobia, and terrorism were increased, commitments were made for cooperation in the struggle against new risks and dangers (organized, crime, migration, etc.), and measures to be taken against bribery and corruption were included in the OSCE Agenda.
The rights of it was affirmed that members of minorities are individual, not group, rights.
He product of deliberations over a period of five years, the İstanbul charter will play a determining role in the activities of OSCE henceforth, Thus, the cornerstones of a security structure covering a vast area from Vancouver to Vladivostok were laid in Istanbul. This chart also constitutes a valuable legacy to future generations.
The OSCE summit also contributed to Turkey's image abroad in the political sphere. Taking full advantage of this opportunity, we achieved noteworthy success in terms of the excellent organization of the summit. At the same time, the summit provided the opportunity for numerous bi-lateral contacts at the level of president, prime minister, and foreign minister. As well as at other levels. Visits were paid prior to the Summit by the President of the U.S., and following the Summit by the EU Term President, the President of Finland, and the Secretary-General of the United Nations. These diplomatic activities in the context of the OSCE Summit, combined with those at the NATO Summit and other bi-lateral visits and negotiations, played a decisive role in bringing about the historic decision at Helsinki opening the way to full membership in the EU.
1999 was also a significant year in terms of further strengthening our strategic partnership with the U.S.A. My discussions with President Clinton when I was in Washington in the month of April for the NATO Summit, Prime Minister Ecevit's visit to the U.S. in September, President's bilateral State Visit to Turkey, followed by by his six-day stay in Turkey for the OSCE Summit on 14-19 November, are all indicators of the intensity experienced in Turkish of any U.S. President so far. It also marked the first first time that a U.S. President addressed the Turkish Grand National Assembly. We were pleased to note that by means of his visit itself, as well as by means of statements made during that visit, President Clinton re-affirmed U.S. determination to collaborate with Turkey, and stressed the importance attached by the U.S. to the role that Turkey will play in shaping the word of next century. This year, once again, the dimensions of the areas of joint interest and action of Turkey and the United States, democracies which share a common destiny, were strikingly clear. We shall continue to cooperate with our friend, ally, and strategic partner, the United States of America, to ensure peace, stability, and well-being in an area stretching from Central Asia and the Caucasus to Europe, from the Balkans to the Middle East, from the Caspian to the Black Sea, and Mediterranean basins. Through cooperation in the economic sphere, our multi-dimensional relations have become even more developed. With respect to matters of vital concern to humanity as a whole, our partnership with the United States will develop even further within a framework of mutual advantage, these matters include: The integration into the world market of new energy-supplying areas, the restructuring of the global economy, the propagation of our commonly-held values in the new political geography of Eurasia, the establishment of democracy and a free market economy in that region, and cooperative efforts aimed at eliminating threats to international peace and security, terrorism being the major such threat.
Our friend and neighbour Russia is a major world state which play a determining role with regard to peace and security in the 21st century. We consider Russia to be a partner with whom we will cooperate in the coming century. We attach great importance to the strengthening of democracy in that country as well as to the creation of lasting stability. Following the recent parliamentary elections Russian democracy will undergo another test next year when presidental elections are held. We are certain that Russia shall take this opportunity to take further steps to strengthen her democracy.. The further development of economic cooperation and of commercial relations with Russia are among our priorities. The suppremacy of the law, an open regime, and the development of a free market economy in Russia are matters of vital importance for the peace, well-being, and stability of the region. We sincerely hope that Russia will pay heed to the appeals of the international community with regard to seeking a peaceful solution to the human tragedy that is taking place in the Northern Caucasus--In Chechnya, in particular.
As we enter a new century, one of the major opportunities that face humanity is the re-appreance of Eurasia on the stage of history. Turkey was able to foresee this development and to take appropriate steps to adapt to changing world conditions. From the very beginning, Turkey has sought the spread of democracy, peace, a free market economy, and the supremacy of the law in Eurasia. This too is what the entire world hopes for Eurasia. The historical process reaching from the 1992 Istanbul Summit for the establishment of Black Sea Economic Cooperation to the 1998 signing of The Black Sea Economic Cooperation Charter at Yalta; from 1998 Silk Road Summit at Baku to the signing of the 1999 Stability Pact at Sarajevo; and finally, to the signing of the agreements in Istanbul in November 1999 with regard to the Baku-Ceyhan Petroleum Pipeline and The Trans-Caspian Natural Gas Pipeline would have been unimaginable even ten years ago. Today, they stand as evidence of global determination for cooperation and integration on a large scale. From the very beginning of this historic process, Turkey, in cooperation with other countries, has played a leading role in adding a new dimension to the concept of partnership from the Adriatic to the great wall of China. This role constitutes one of the most advantages that Turkey has as we enter the new millennium. Turkey enters the Twenty-First century having succeeded in taking the political measures necessary to consolidate geopolitical pluralism in this direction. Our priorities in Eurasia are the creation of a physical and economic infrastructure which will enable this region to be integrated into the world community, the development of cooperative efforts in the fields of economy, commerce, and security, and the re-establishment of cultural ties.
One of the outstanding developments of the Twentieth Century is the re-establishment of fraternal ties between the nations of the Turkic world, an entity for which Turkey's only wish is well-being, peace, and prosperity. As the heir to the Seljuk and Ottoman Empires, which were the outstanding symbols of our common civilization over the past millennium, Turkey, with its experience and its achievements, is the strongest source of support and a gateway of opportunity for the Turkic world. At this point, I wish to reiterate that it is of utmost importance that we maintain Turkey's positive image in Eurasia and the Turkic world, that we remain faithful to our promises, and that we intensify relations at all levels in these regions.
It is with these facts in mind that we are engaged in shedding light upon and preserving our common cultural heritage, and in rebuilding bridges of solidarity and friendship between those Turkic communities dispersed throughout former Ottoman territory. As well as in our ancestral homeland. Within this framework, we have provided opportunities for thousands of young people from the Turkic world to study in Turkey, thereby taking measures to ensure future peace and prosperity in Eurasia. These young people will be the architects of our common future. Consequently, this project for peace must be continued in a determined manner. The Hoca Ahmed Yesevi and Manas Universities established in Central Asia with Turkish State support will play a key role in bringing about a Turkish renaissance which will make a major contribution to universal civilization in this region during the 21st century.
Another of Turkey's priorities in Eurasia is the repair of ruptures in the regional infrasructure which came into being in the intervening years, as well as the creation of new infrastructures. The restoration of the historical Silk Road, the establishment of new telecommunication networks thanks to Turkish satellites, the East-West Transportation Corridor stretching from Varna to Durres, the Baku-Ceyhan Oil Pipeline and the Trans-Caspian Natural Gas Pipeline and basic infrastructure projects such as the Kars-Tbilisi Railway are all elements contributing to the integration of the region into the world via Turkey, in the most economical, and most secure manner, and by means of the shortest road. This is a concrete reality which provides Turkey with new strategic importance.
In this framework, since the break-up of the Soviet Union and the coming into being of new independent republics in this region, we have supported and worked in collaboration with the energy-producing countries and the United States for the creation of the Baku-Ceyhan Petroleum Pipeline and the Trans-Caspian Natural Gas Pipeline. Finally, on 18 November 1999, the Heads of State of the countries concerned and U.S. President Clinton signed historic agreements in Istanbul. Constituting a turning-point in history, these agreements aim at the completion of the Baku-Ceyhan Pipeline by 2004, and of the Trans-Caspian Pipeline by 2002. The necessary procedures for accomplishing these goals are already underway.
With these agreements, we not only expressed our common determination to transport petroleum and natural gas from the sources in the Caspian basin to the markets of the world in a safe, economical, and environmentally friendly way, but also made a concrete contribution to the prosperity and happiness of future generations. By means of these agreements, a new phase of history has begun. In his end-of-the-year press conference held on 8 December, President Clinton stated that thirty years from now when we look backward, we will come to understand that the signing of these agreements was the most important event of 1999. In fact, it is clear that these agreements will play a determining role in the world of the 21st century, since it was by means of them that a new phase in the history of Eurasia has begun.
These agreements are of particular importance to the inhabitants of Istanbul. When these projects are completed, Istanbul and the Bosphorus will be far safer places. At the same time, environmental protection and the preservation of the ecological balance will be guaranteed.
When the regional infrastructures are completed, the Caspian, Black, and Mediterranean Seas will no longer be seen as bodies of water that divide peoples and cultures, but rather as bridges to joint prosperity. As Turkey renovates and improves its harbours, airports, highways, and free trade zones, it will function as the center of distribution to the world for the new economic reality which will come into being around these seas. The second international conference on the theme "The Story of Three Seas", which I opened this year, told the story of such a journey aiming at peace and prosperity. At the same time, this story is the story of a process which has transformed Eurasia into a concrete political and economic reality. Turkey is one of the leaders of this process and will continue to carry out this historic role with determination.
From Turkey's point-of-view, the Caucasus is the most sensitive part of the Eurasian region. Functioning as a gateway throughout history, the Caucasus, thanks to the Silk Road, now has the opportunity to function as an area of peace and prosperity. As I have often stated, the Caucasus is also the threshold between Europe and Asia. Consequently, it too occupies a strategic place in our Eurasian vision. The establishment of lasting peace and stability in the Caucasus are among the priorities of Turkey's basic foreign policy. Let me say one more time: The only obstacle to peace is the fact that 20% of the territory of Azerbaijan is under occupation, and more than one million of our Azeri brothers and sisters are forced to live as refugees. A just and lasting solution to the dispute between Azerbaijan and Armenia, within the context of international legitimacy is the only key to enable all of the peoples of the region to benefit from the increasing opportunities for cooperation and prosperity. If I may reiterate: Those leaders who succeed in replacing hostility with cooperation, and who exhibit the wisdom to take the first courageous steps toward building a new future, will consequently occupy a prominent place in the golden pages of history. In this regard, I wish to declare that we offer our full support to the direct negotiations being carried out between the presidents of Azerbaijan and Armenia, and that we are always ready to make contributions to the cause of peace.
At this point, I would like to place particular emphasis on the fact that we are determined to continue in our support of Azerbaijan's reforms aimed at consolidating its independence, strengthening its democracy, and developing its free market economy.
As I have stated on numerous occasions, Georgia occupies a position of major importance among Turkey's closest friends. Our particular interest in, and close cooperation with Georgia are basic elements of our foreign policy.
Yet another of the basic goals of our foreign policy is to contribute to finding new markets for developing Turkish industry. Over a large geographic area stretching from the Baltic to the Black Sea, the Eastern Mediterranean, the Caspian Basin, the Middle East, and Central Asia, Turkey occupies a position as the strongest and most dynamic economy, and that which is most able to engage in competition. Today, Turkish businessmen are making investments in 55 countries. Industrial products account fro 90% of Turkey's exports. Turkey is engaged in trade with 135 countries. Fully aware of the fact that the lifting of restrictions on a trade on a global scale contributes to global economic prosperity, we continue to support free trade through bilateral and multilateral agreements. Our support of free trade also serves to create new areas of influence in terms of our foreign policy. Furthermore, inroads which Turkish foreign policy have made in recent years in Southeast Asia, Africa, and Latin America have opened new markets for Turkish industry and have transformed Turkey into a country with a significant role in the global economy with an increasingly growing share of world trade.
In the post-cold war era, Turkey continues to support regional cooperation as the means of bringing peace and stability to a turbulent region.
The leading role that we play in the BSEC, ECO, and the D-8 makes a major contribution to the creation of new areas of joint action and economic cooperation, from the Bering Straits to the Atlantic, over an area covering three continents and twenty-four countries. No other country in the world is involved in such a great number of different efforts for economic cooperations on such a large scale.
Turkey continues to take determined steps forward in the struggle against international terrorism, and is signatory to various agreements with this aim in mind. Furthermore, agreements signed between Turkey and numerous countries in the areas of military training and cooperation for security allow Turkey to play a major role in this successful struggle. It should not be forgotten that in the face of the threat posed to international stability and peace by fundamentalist and separatist terrorism, international cooperation and solidarity have assumed an even more important place.
Ladies and Gentlemen of the Press,
Yet another development which allows us to enter the next century in a spirit of optimism is the appearance of a golden opportunity for lasting peace in the Middle East. The revival of the Middle East Peace Process following the elections in Israel this year has also revived hopes for the future. During my visits to Palestine, Israel, Jordan and Egypt in the month of July, I underlined the importance that we attach to the encouragement of these constructive efforts. We are pleased to observe developments in this regard, not only with respect to Palestine, but with respect to Syria, for the first time since March 1996. As a supporter of the Middle East Peace Process since its inception, Turkey place particular emphasis on concurrent developments in all aspects of the process, involving all parties concerned, and resulting in a just and lasting peace in the region, in the shortest possible time.
One of Turkey's greatest wishes is to play a constructive role in the creation of an atmosphere which will enable peoples of various languages, religions, races, and nations to live together in a spirit of peace and democracy in the Middle East. Even if we are unable to forget the events of the past, we must realize that we have the ability to build a common future.
Turkey attaches great importance to its relations with the Arab world, with which it shares historical and cultural ties. In this regard, Turkey is engaged in expending great efforts to develop bilateral relations with the Arab countries.
Consultations which President Mubarak and I hold on a regular basis constitute a effective means of ensuring the mutual advantages of our two countries. We shall continue to work together in order to develop plans for concrete cooperations with our Egyptian brothers in the areas of economy, culture and energy. It is imperative that Turkey and Egypt, as major states of the region, cooperate in order to ensure a better future for the Middle East.
We are also determined to continue strengthen our already strong ties of cooperation with our Palestinian and Jordanian brothers. Furthermore, we attach importance to the development of our relations with the Gulf states. This year, within the context of the visits which I began last year to the Gulf region, I paid visits to Qatar and Bahrain. Our relations with the countries of North-West Africa. In 1998, I visited Tunisia, followed by a visit this January to Algeria. Furthermore, I attended the funeral of the late King Hasan II of Morocco. As a consequence of these visits, our economic and commercial cooperation with the countries of North-West Africa has gained impetus.
Our relations with our neighbour Syria are developing parallel to that country's carrying out its obligations with regard to the guarantees undertaken under the terms of the Adana Agreement dated 20 October 1998. It is my firm belief that more productive cooperation between our two countries will result if the responsibilities of being a good neighbour continue to be carried out.
As I stated in my address on the occasion of the opening of the new legislative year at the Turkish Grand National Assembly, our relations with Israel are based upon our common interest and mutual benefits. Our friends and brothers in the Arab world have also begun to accept the fact that development of our cooperation with Israel results in the stability and common prosperity of the region. We are determined to further our cooperation with Israel for the benefit of our countries and our region.
Turkey continues to be uneasy about the fact that problems between Iraq and the international community have still not been solved. In this regard, Iraq's abiding by all relevant resolutions of the U.N. Security Council is of particular importance. It will be to the benefit not only of Iraq, but also of the entire region, if Iraq carries out its responsibilities in finding a solution to the problem that exists between that country and the United Nations. At this point, I wish to deal with the security problem we feel with regard to the absence of authority in Northern Iraq. With reference to this matter, I wish to re-state to the international community as a whole that we shall continue to take the necessary security measures. This is a matter of the utmost importance for the security of our country.
Iran is a neighboring country whose friendship and brotherhood we attach importance to and with which we hope to develop cooperation. It is one of our basic priorities to solve any problems which may arise between our two countries by means of dialogue.
The necessary mechanism for this already exists, it is essential that we make full use of it.
Our relations with Pakistan, India and Bangladesh constitute a strong foundation for the Sub Continent to assume a place of importance in global activities in the 21st Century. Increasing economic and commercial relations with these countries in recent years have contributed to the creation of new markets for Turkish industry. In this regard, it is of particular importance that we strengthen the D-8 that we jointly founded with Pakistan and Bangladesh, countries with which we feel particularly brotherly ties. This year, I visited Bangladesh for the second D-8 Summit, and President Shahabuddin Ahmed of Bangladesh paid a state visit to our country.
The assumption of power by the Pakistan Armed Forces in the month of October was a development closely watched by the international community. On 8 November 1999, General Parwaz Musharraf, Chief Executive of the Pakistan Administration, visited our country. In discussions I held with him, I told him that Turkey attaches great importance to Pakistan's returning to a democratic, constitutional order as soon as possible, for the prosperity and happiness of the people of Pakistan.
With its enormous human and economic resources, its deep historical roots, and its great potential for development, China will be one of the most important global actors of the 21st Century. We are determined to expand our relations with China in all areas and to further our corporation in order jointly benefit from the opportunities presented by the global economy. I expressed these thoughts to the Chairman of the Parliament of the People's Republic of China, Li Peng, during his visit to our country on 6 April 1999. Next year, Jiang Zemin, President of the People's Republic of China, will visit our country. His visit will serve to further our relations with China to an even greater extent.
Ladies and gentlemen of the press,
We are about to enter a new century. As with every beginning, we are optimistic about this one. The appearance on the horizon of Turkey's membership in the European Union represents a new phase in Turkey's endeavors to fully participate in universal civilisation. Ensuring the stability and efficient functioning of our democracy; continuing our efforts in the area of development, always bearing in mind that such development should focus upon improving the well-being of our peopl, we will become full member of the European Union in the shortest possible time. But that is not all. We will also assume a position as of the ten major countries of the world. This year was of numerous accomplishments in the field of foreign policy. Two of which, in particular, will make major contributions to the Turkish democracy and prosperity as well as to Turkey's role in the international arena. The Bakü-Ceyhan and Trans-Caspian Pipeline agreements signed in the course of OSCE Summit, and the acceptance of Turkish candidacy for full membership in the European Union opened new horizons for Turkey at the beginning of a new century. We have no other choice but waist no time whatsoever in taking full advantage of these historic opportunities.
STATE REFORM

The two basic norms of the 21st century's modern state are the participatory nature of the political system and the liberal political phylosophy with individual at its center. In this respect, individiuals should be able to have self-confidence as well as trust in the state as far as fundemantal freedoms and rights are concerned. In return, the state should approach the individuals with confidence, not with suspicions.

Therefore, the main objective of the efforts towards restructuring our democracy should focus on re-examining the current conditions under which our state is functioning as well as establishing an environment based on mutual trust between individual and the state. For the realization of the ideal of "functioning state and functioning democracy" it is necessary to help create this environment of trust.

On the other hand the basic thrust of the restructuring of the state should focus on implementing a structural change aiming at creating a new management concept which is performance based and result oriented. Such a concept would make sure the functioning of the state based on the principles of management of responsibilities as well as overall quality. This is the ultimate aim that should be attained by the developed and developing nations in the next century.

Today, all principles, institutions and rules of the classical democracy are in place in Turkey. Having said this, both the achievements of Turkey as well as the transformations taking place in the world call for the reexamining and restructuring of our state organization.

The existing administration structure which was sufficient for a Turkey of 13 million can no longer meet the demands and needs of today's Turkey which has become a global actor. Therefore, there is a need for an overall reform in the state structure in order to adapt it to contemporary developments while remaining true to the fundamental principles of the Republic.

With the reforms to be implemented the state will revert back to its original functions in a more effective manner, such as; safeguarding law and order; delivering justice; providing better health and education services; ensuring balanced and well distributed economic development around the country taking into account its social aspects. As a result, a more transparent, more just, well-functioning and productive administration system will be created which would ultimately meet the desires and demands of our people.

In international relations, all sorts of established rules and institutions are being questioned, and new searches are gaining momentum. Turkey, too, should act together with the world, be included in these searches, and be an indispensible part of the solutions. Therefore, implementing the necessary the political, economical, administrative and judicial reforms in a quick manner is a must.

In fact, in the field of state reform efforts are widely seen also in the international fora. For instance, in France the state reform has long been on the agenda. Italy and United Kingdom are in search for an administrative reform. Many countries of the EU are dealing with this issue. Likewise, various nations from Israel to Latin America are working on similar problems. In this respect, in Washington a meeting called " Strategies for a 21. Century State: Global Forum for the rebuilding of the State" has been organized. In the Final Communique of that meeting it is stated that the main condition of having strong economic advantages was an efficient and functioning state organization supported by the public opinion. Furthermore, an inefficient, slowly moving and extremely centralized state structure would constitute a barrier in front of the dynamism of the manifacturing sector using high speed and high technology. Finally, it has been also underlined that there was a need to develop a flexible and efficient state organization able to take decisions at the levels closest to citizens which will respond the their demands as well to those of markets. Thus, there is an emerging global consensus on the need for rebuilding the state in conformity with the conditions of the new age.

The restructring and reforming of the state which is among the top global agenda items have two dimensions. They are; restructuring of public sector economy and public administration.

Issues such as, the reorganization of the institutional administrative structure of the state, employee productivity, effective supervision, lower red tape, transparent state organization are among the main features of reforms aiming at making sure the functioning of the state in a more efficient and productive manner. To this end, it is imperative that necessary constitutional, legal and institutional arrangements be made in a swift manner.

While doing so, a particular emphasis should be given to issues like election alliances among the parties, ensuring more effective legislative and judicial oversight, establishing stability and effectiveness in governance, easing the requirements for renewal of the parliamentary elections, constitutional amendments for better crisis management mechanisms, creating conditions for higher political participation.

There are already efforts for reforms towards better functioning of democracy in Turkey, ensuring a transparent, fair, decisive and productive governance to satisfy the expectations of the people, eliminating corruption, red tape, arbitrary treatment of citizens, political pandering.

In this respect, fundamental rights and freedoms safeguarded by the Universal Human Rights Declaration and European Convention on Human Rights set forth the basic framework. This framework will be relevant for the coming centuries.

The other relevant international documents describing the basic tenets of a modern state are the" European Social Charter", the "Charter of Paris For a New Europe", the "Helsinki Final Act" and the "İstanbul Charter for European Security."

The basic documents describing the relationship between the central government and local administrations of a modern state are the "European Charter of Local Self-Governments" and "Maastricht and Amsterdam Treaties" of EU. In a sense, these documents define the basic tenets of constitutional democracies.

Constitutional state safeguards universal human rights by establishing a balance between freedoms and responsibilities. In a constitutional democracy supremacy of law rules over supremacy of majority. Therefore, independent judicial oversight and public accountibility are sine qua non for effective functioning of a democracy. What we call as "culture of democracy" and "democratic reflexes" are in fact the public awareness and agility for demanding its rights.

In the next century the main priorities in governance will be productivity and performance. In this context, the functional confines of the state will in a large degree change and a new concept of pluralism will emerge centered around new performance based, specialized organizations and institutions. As a natural consequence, there will be a move away from the concept of omnipotent and self-sufficient state towards a system in which citizens assume wider role, authority and responsibility in delivering public services. As such, politicization in bureacracy will be prevented. Public service will become an economic and financial concept besides being solely a moral and ethical concept.

There is a growing awareness today that the public sector's abilities to create higher revenues are limited. On the other hand, populist measures which result in inflationary pressures cause impoverishment of the middle class and reduced overall productivity in an economy. In turn, serious bottlenecks take place in public finance. These bottlenecks necessitate the redefinition of the idea of public service as well as better governance. In the reform efforts towards making democratic order and state administration work better these principles and views should be taken as basis. Our state should embark on works to adapt itself to these norms. Indeed, this is all the more important to better prepare ourselves for full membership to the EU.

The order the whole world is seeking at the threshold of the 21st century is prosperity in democracy. It has two basic features; more freedom and more prosperity.

Democracy in its classical form no longer meets the expectations of the modern society. The concept of classical democracy comprises of respect for human rights, free and fair elections, rule of law and secularism. However, modern liberal democracy goes beyond these principles and adds two new concepts: Participation and state based on rule of law. In other words, on the hand number of people in decision making process and of their means of participation grow, on the other hand the principle of state-based- on-rule-of-law which seeks perfection in content rather than form takes precedent over the principle of a state strictly defined as conforming to formative aspects of rule of law.

Therefore, for more prosperity the area of responsibility of the state should be reduced not only in moral sense but also in respect of the services to be delivered. Moreover, the state ought to relinquish the functions that the citizens can discharge in a much better way and revert to its core functions.

This also means that wealth of a society and state can be attained by the enrichment of individiuals in that society. Hence, main duty of a state should be to create proper conditions in order to help increase the level of prosperity of its citizens while looking after social justice and fair distribution of wealth. This also entails encouragement of the spirit of entrepreneurship and lifting the obstacles before the competitive edge of the entrepreneurs.

There are ongoing efforts in our country to improve the idea of participation and the state along the principles of rule of law. In fact, democratic participation in Turkey is far from satisfactory levels.

Same shortcomings are prevelant in respect of market economy. Although we have a market economy, the bulk of the economic and commercial activity is still undertaken by the public sector.

Therefore, Turkey should at once complete its privatization program while eliminating the obstacles before the democratic participation.

The main reason for the shortcomings in law and economy is the lack of conditions that are called for by the idea of liberal democracy. If we cannot bring about solutions to this problem, we may face even bigger problems in the future.

As I said before, the next century will be the century of liberal democracy. Hence, our goal should be to establish liberal democracy with its rules and institutions. We cannot lag behind the requirements of the day when we are about to enter the knowledge age. Therefore, we must re-examine the content of our democracy and re-define the new role and character of our state.


TURKEY'S OBJECTIVES IN THE NEW MILLENNIUM

In the 21st century:
1. Turkey will continue to be a democratic, secular, unitary state.
2. Turkey will become a full member of the European Union in the shortest possible time, thereby disproving the predictions of those who argued that a clash of civilizations was inescapable. Turkey's membership will be a concrete contribution to the pluralist structure of European integration. As a country which has succeeded in reconciling democracy, secularism and Islam, Turkey's membership will serve to enrich this institution, which late Ismet İnönü described in 1963, at the signing of the Association Agreement as "the most courageous achievement of the human mind in the course of history, and as the most significant legacy to future generations."
3. Turkey, remaining faithful to the concepts of constitutional citizenship and constitutional patriotism espoused by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, will create the necessary conditions for all citizens, regardless of race, religion, language, sect, or gender, to fully benefit from individual rights and freedoms.
4. Turkey will continue to preserve one of Atatürk's most significant legacies: gender equality, and will further strengthen the position of Turkish women in economic, social, and public life.
5. Turkey will continue to be justly proud of having brought about the most successful project of the Twentieth Century with regard to legal reforms and social change, in its continuous endeavors to keep pace with modern developments.
6. Turkey will continue the process, that began with the creation of the Republic, of integration into the system of international law.
7. Turkey will most certainly complete a comprehensive program of state reforms, as well as a constitutional reform in keeping with the needs of our times. Transparency in public administration will become a reality. The dispensation of justice in a swift, just, and independent manner will be ensured.
8. Turkey will continue to play an effective role in preserving international peace and security, and will make further investments to develop its already exemplary defensive power.
9. Turkey will meet European Union standards in the areas of education, health, social security, agriculture, industry, communications, transportation, energy, science, sports, environmentally friendly development, and privatizaiton, and will create the conditions necessary for Turkish citizens to compete with their counterparts on a global scale.
10. Turkey will become one of the leading energy consumers of the world, and will become a center for energy distribution thanks to the construction of natural gas and petroleum pipelines which will connect energy-producing areas with world markets.
11. Turkey will complete the Southeast Anatolia Project, the largest project in its history, and contribute to ensuring the world food security by increasing agricultural productivity.
12. Turkey will maintain a population increase rate of approximately 1 % and average growth rate of approximately 5 %..Measures will be taken to ensure that the sectoral distribution of the working force meets European Union standards. It will continue its urbanization, and reduce the rural population to 10 percent from the current level of 40 percent.
13. As a member of the European Union, Turkey will continue to play a leading role in ensuring prosperity, stability, and peace in the Black Sea, Caspian, and Mediterranean basins, and will contribute to the establishment of closer ties between Asia and Europe.
14. Turkey will develop its plans for the university system, and will reach European Union standards with regard to research and development activities, Turkey will become an information society in the fullest sense of the term.
15. Turkey's advances in the field of education will be equalled by those in the field of culture. Turkey will continue to contribute to international civilization.
By achieving these objectives, Turkey will face a bright future and assume a place as one of the ten major developed countries of the world. Following in the footsteps of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder of our republic, we shall continue with our ceaseless efforts to equal, if not surpass, the levels of achievement in the most advanced countries of the world. Our accomplish even more in the future.
Distinguished members of the press,
As democratic, secular, social state based on rule of law the Republic of Turkey belongs to its Nation, to its citizens. It is in the interest of all to preserve its strength.
There is only one Turkey. It will make best use of the historic opportunity it has encountered in peace, stability and prosperity.
We are entering into the Twentyfirst Century with the Republic founded by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk.
We have overcome all obstacles with determination, will power and fervor. We shall overcome the new ones as well.
I congratulate the New Year and the Bayram of our citizens, our brethren in Cyprus and pray to the God Almighty that the new year bring to them and to the humanity peace and well-being.